![]() Since the valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture intake and exhaust gases, they must be opened and closed at the appropriate time during the stroke of the piston. Timing the opening, closing, lift, and duration of each valve event is central to get any power and torque. If cylinder heads and pistons are the heart of an engine, then the camshaft and valve train are the brain of the operation. The relationship between the rotation of the camshaft and the rotation of the crankshaft is critical. Pushrod valve actuation system - became very rear in modern auto industry) ![]() Double overhead camshaft (DOHC) - 4 stroke engine with fixed valve timing that the valve train is set by the auto maker for peak efficiency running at a specific point in the engine's operating range, and.The most common camshaft arrangements are: Some engines use two camshafts each for the intake and exhaust valves such an arrangement is known as a double or dual overhead cam (DOHC), thus, a V engine may have four camshafts. In the past when engines were not as reliable as today this was seen as too much bother, but in modern gasoline engines the overhead cam system, where the camshaft is on top of the cylinder head, is the most common. Direct operation involves a simpler mechanism and leads to fewer failures, but requires the camshaft to be positioned at the top of the cylinders. The cams force the valves open by pressing on the valve, or on some intermediate mechanism, as they rotate.ĭepending on the location of the camshaft, the cams operate the valves either directly or through a linkage of pushrods and rockers. It consists of a cylindrical rod running the length of the cylinder bank with a number of oblong lobes or cams protruding from it, usually one for each valve. The camshaft is a part of piston engines and is used to operate poppet valves. Loading Camshaft and Variable Valve Timing Go to Formula 1 engine valve actuation
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